star-erp/app/Modules/Inventory/Services/TurnoverService.php

<?php

namespace App\Modules\Inventory\Services;

use App\Modules\Inventory\Models\InventoryTransaction;
use App\Modules\Inventory\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
use Carbon\Carbon;

class TurnoverService
{
    /**
     * Get inventory turnover analysis data
     */
    public function getAnalysisData(array $filters, int $perPage = 20)
    {
        $warehouseId = $filters['warehouse_id'] ?? null;
        $categoryId = $filters['category_id'] ?? null;
        $search = $filters['search'] ?? null;
        $statusFilter = $filters['status'] ?? null; // 'dead', 'slow', 'normal'

        // Base query for products with their current inventory sum
        $query = Product::query()
            ->select([
                'products.id',
                'products.code',
                'products.name',
                'categories.name as category_name',
                'products.cost_price', // Assuming cost_price exists for value calculation
            ])
            ->leftJoin('categories', 'products.category_id', '=', 'categories.id')
            ->leftJoin('inventories', 'products.id', '=', 'inventories.product_id')
            ->groupBy(['products.id', 'products.code', 'products.name', 'categories.name', 'products.cost_price']);

        // Filter by Warehouse (Current Inventory)
        if ($warehouseId) {
             $query->where('inventories.warehouse_id', $warehouseId);
        }
        
        // Filter by Category
        if ($categoryId) {
            $query->where('products.category_id', $categoryId);
        }

        // Filter by Search
        if ($search) {
            $query->where(function($q) use ($search) {
                $q->where('products.name', 'like', "%{$search}%")
                  ->orWhere('products.code', 'like', "%{$search}%");
            });
        }
        
        // Add Aggregated Columns
        
        // 1. Current Inventory Quantity
        $query->addSelect(DB::raw('COALESCE(SUM(inventories.quantity), 0) as current_stock'));

        // 2. Sales in last 30 days (Outbound)
        // We need a subquery or join for this to be efficient, or we use a separate query and map.
        // Given potentially large data, subquery per row might be slow, but for pagination it's okay-ish.
        // Better approach: Join with a subquery of aggregated transactions.
        
        $thirtyDaysAgo = Carbon::now()->subDays(30);
        
        // Subquery for 30-day sales
        $salesSubquery = InventoryTransaction::query()
            ->select('inventories.product_id', DB::raw('ABS(SUM(inventory_transactions.quantity)) as sales_qty_30d'))
            ->join('inventories', 'inventory_transactions.inventory_id', '=', 'inventories.id')
            ->where('inventory_transactions.type', '出庫') // Adjust type as needed based on actual data
            ->where('inventory_transactions.actual_time', '>=', $thirtyDaysAgo)
            ->groupBy('inventories.product_id');
            
        if ($warehouseId) {
            $salesSubquery->where('inventories.warehouse_id', $warehouseId);
        }

        $query->leftJoinSub($salesSubquery, 'sales_30d', function ($join) {
            $join->on('products.id', '=', 'sales_30d.product_id');
        });
        $query->addSelect(DB::raw('COALESCE(sales_30d.sales_qty_30d, 0) as sales_30d'));

        // 3. Last Sale Date
        // Use max actual_time from outbound transactions
        $lastSaleSubquery = InventoryTransaction::query()
            ->select('inventories.product_id', DB::raw('MAX(actual_time) as last_sale_date'))
            ->join('inventories', 'inventory_transactions.inventory_id', '=', 'inventories.id')
            ->where('inventory_transactions.type', '出庫')
            ->groupBy('inventories.product_id');

        if ($warehouseId) {
             $lastSaleSubquery->where('inventories.warehouse_id', $warehouseId);
        }

        $query->leftJoinSub($lastSaleSubquery, 'last_sales', function ($join) {
            $join->on('products.id', '=', 'last_sales.product_id');
        });
        $query->addSelect('last_sales.last_sale_date');

        // Apply Status Filter (Dead Stock etc) requires having clauses or wrapper query.
        // Dead Stock: stock > 0 AND (last_sale_date < 90 days ago OR last_sale_date IS NULL)
        // Slow Moving: turnover days > X? 
        
        // Let's modify query to handle ordering and filtering on calculated fields if possible.
        // For simplicity in Laravel, we might fetch and transform, but pagination breaks.
        // We'll use HAVING for status filtering if needed.

        // Order by
        $sortBy = $filters['sort_by'] ?? 'turnover_days'; // Default sort
        $sortOrder = $filters['sort_order'] ?? 'desc';
        
        // Turnover Days Calculation in SQL: (stock / (sales_30d / 30)) => (stock * 30) / sales_30d
        // Handle division by zero: if sales_30d is 0, turnover is 'Inf' (or very high number like 9999)
        $turnoverDaysSql = "CASE WHEN COALESCE(sales_30d.sales_qty_30d, 0) > 0 
                            THEN (COALESCE(SUM(inventories.quantity), 0) * 30) / sales_30d.sales_qty_30d 
                            ELSE 9999 END";
        
        $query->addSelect(DB::raw("$turnoverDaysSql as turnover_days"));

        // Only show items with stock > 0 ? User might want to see out of stock items too? 
        // Usually analysis focuses on what IS in stock. But Dead Stock needs items with stock.
        // Stock-out analysis needs items with 0 stock.
        // Let's filter stock > 0 by default for "Turnover Analysis".
        // $query->havingRaw('current_stock > 0'); 
        // Wait, better to let user filter? 
        // For dead stock, definitive IS stock > 0.
        
        if ($statusFilter === 'dead') {
            $ninetyDaysAgo = Carbon::now()->subDays(90);
            $query->havingRaw("current_stock > 0 AND (last_sale_date < ? OR last_sale_date IS NULL)", [$ninetyDaysAgo]);
        }

        // Apply Sorting
        if ($sortBy === 'turnover_days') {
             $query->orderByRaw("$turnoverDaysSql $sortOrder");
        } else if (in_array($sortBy, ['current_stock', 'sales_30d', 'last_sale_date'])) {
             $query->orderBy($sortBy, $sortOrder);
        } else {
             $query->orderBy('products.code', 'asc');
        }

        return $query->paginate($perPage)->withQueryString()->through(function($item) {
            // Post-processing for display
            $item->turnover_days_display = $item->turnover_days >= 9999 ? '∞' : number_format($item->turnover_days, 1);
            
            // Determine Status Label
            $lastSale = $item->last_sale_date ? Carbon::parse($item->last_sale_date) : null;
            $daysSinceSale = $lastSale ? $lastSale->diffInDays(Carbon::now()) : 9999;
            
            if ($item->current_stock > 0 && $daysSinceSale > 90) {
                $item->status = 'dead'; // 滯銷
                $item->status_label = '滯銷';
            } elseif ($item->current_stock > 0 && $item->turnover_days > 60) {
                 $item->status = 'slow'; // 週轉慢
                 $item->status_label = '週轉慢';
            } elseif ($item->current_stock == 0) {
                 $item->status = 'out_of_stock';
                 $item->status_label = '缺貨';
            } else {
                $item->status = 'normal';
                $item->status_label = '正常';
            }
            
            return $item;
        });
    }

    public function getKPIs(array $filters)
    {
         // Calculates aggregate KPIs
         $warehouseId = $filters['warehouse_id'] ?? null;
         $categoryId = $filters['category_id'] ?? null;
         
         // Helper to build base inv query
         $buildInvQuery = function() use ($warehouseId, $categoryId) {
             $q = DB::table('inventories')
                 ->join('products', 'inventories.product_id', '=', 'products.id')
                 ->where('inventories.quantity', '>', 0);
             if ($warehouseId) $q->where('inventories.warehouse_id', $warehouseId);
             if ($categoryId) $q->where('products.category_id', $categoryId);
             return $q;
         };
         
         // 1. Total Inventory Value (Cost)
         $totalValue = (clone $buildInvQuery())
             ->sum(DB::raw('inventories.quantity * COALESCE(products.cost_price, 0)'));
             
         // 2. Dead Stock Value (No sale in 90 days)
         // Need last sale date for each product-location or just product? 
         // Assuming dead stock is product-level logic for simplicity.
         
         $ninetyDaysAgo = Carbon::now()->subDays(90);
         
         // Get IDs of products sold in last 90 days
         $soldProductIds = InventoryTransaction::query()
             ->where('type', '出庫')
             ->where('actual_time', '>=', $ninetyDaysAgo)
             ->distinct()
             ->pluck('inventory_id') // Wait, transaction links to inventory, inventory links to product.
             // We need product_id.
             ->map(function($id) {
                 return DB::table('inventories')->where('id', $id)->value('product_id');
             })
             ->filter()
             ->unique()
             ->toArray();
             // Optimization: Use join in subquery
         
         $soldProductIdsQuery = DB::table('inventory_transactions')
             ->join('inventories', 'inventory_transactions.inventory_id', '=', 'inventories.id')
             ->where('inventory_transactions.type', '出庫')
             ->where('inventory_transactions.actual_time', '>=', $ninetyDaysAgo)
             ->select('inventories.product_id')
             ->distinct();
             
         $deadStockQuery = (clone $buildInvQuery())
             ->whereNotIn('products.id', $soldProductIdsQuery);
             
         $deadStockValue = $deadStockQuery->sum(DB::raw('inventories.quantity * COALESCE(products.cost_price, 0)'));
         $deadStockCount = $deadStockQuery->count('products.id'); // Count of inventory records (batches) or products? 
         // Let's count distinct products
         $deadStockProductCount = $deadStockQuery->distinct('products.id')->count('products.id');

         // 3. Average Turnover Days (Company wide)
         // Formula: (Avg Inventory / COGS) * 365 ?
         // Simplified: (Total Stock / Total Sales 30d) * 30
         
         $totalStock = (clone $buildInvQuery())->sum('inventories.quantity');
         
         $totalSales30d = DB::table('inventory_transactions')
             ->join('inventories', 'inventory_transactions.inventory_id', '=', 'inventories.id')
             ->join('products', 'inventories.product_id', '=', 'products.id')
             ->where('inventory_transactions.type', '出庫')
             ->where('inventory_transactions.actual_time', '>=', Carbon::now()->subDays(30))
             ->when($warehouseId, fn($q) => $q->where('inventories.warehouse_id', $warehouseId))
             ->when($categoryId, fn($q) => $q->where('products.category_id', $categoryId))
             ->sum(DB::raw('ABS(inventory_transactions.quantity)'));
             
         $avgTurnoverDays = $totalSales30d > 0 ? ($totalStock * 30) / $totalSales30d : 0;

         return [
             'total_stock_value' => $totalValue,
             'dead_stock_value' => $deadStockValue,
             'dead_stock_count' => $deadStockProductCount,
             'avg_turnover_days' => round($avgTurnoverDays, 1),
         ];
    }
}